Lesson 06·Platforms·9 min read

How Kalshi Works: CFTC-Regulated Event Contracts, USD Settlement

Kalshi is the first CFTC-regulated event-contract exchange. Here's how its contracts, clearing, and US-bank custody actually work.

Kalshi is a Designated Contract Market (DCM) regulated by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission. That regulatory status is the most important thing to understand about how it works — every other design choice, from contract listing to fund custody to withdrawal timing, flows from CFTC requirements. Kalshi is what a prediction market looks like when it is built inside the US regulatory perimeter rather than around it.

Contracts are formally certified

Every contract Kalshi lists is filed with the CFTC, either as a self-certification or a request for approval. The contract specifies precise terms: what event, what resolution source, what dates, what payout structure, what position limits. This bureaucratic overhead is why Kalshi's catalog grows more slowly than Polymarket's — but it's also why every Kalshi contract has an unambiguous, pre-specified resolution source.

The certification process also gives users legal recourse. If Kalshi resolved a contract improperly, the CFTC is an actual regulator with enforcement authority. On unregulated venues, no such recourse exists.

Custody and clearing

Customer funds sit in segregated US bank accounts. Kalshi clears its own trades through a Derivatives Clearing Organization (DCO) it operates. There is no oracle and no chain; resolution is performed by Kalshi against the contract's specified resolution source. Segregation means user funds cannot be commingled with Kalshi's operating capital or lent against — a critical distinction from unregulated exchanges.

The DCO structure is unusual for a young company. Most exchanges rely on external clearing houses. Operating its own DCO lets Kalshi tightly integrate margin, position limits, and settlement — but it also concentrates operational risk in one company.

Deposit, trade, withdraw

Fund via ACH (free, same-day to instant for most accounts), debit card (small fee, instant), or wire. Trade through the web or mobile app against Kalshi's order book. Fees are taken on profitable closes — typically 1% to 7% of profit, varying by contract. Withdrawals go via ACH and settle in 1–3 business days. There is no crypto exposure at any point — your money is always in USD at a US bank.

Worked example: a Fed decision trade

You believe the Fed will cut rates 25bp at the next meeting. Kalshi lists "Fed cuts 25bp at Sep meeting?" with the FOMC press release as the resolution source. Yes trades at $0.61/$0.63. You buy 100 Yes contracts at $0.63, spending $63 plus a small opening fee. On decision day, the Fed cuts 25bp; the contract resolves Yes and you receive $100. Kalshi takes a fee on the $37 of profit — usually a few dollars, depending on the contract.

Total round-trip: about $63 in, about $93–$95 net out. Time from deposit to withdrawal: however long the market runs plus 1–3 days ACH. Compare that to Polymarket, where the same trade would involve USDC, Polygon gas, and USD↔USDC ramp costs.

When Kalshi breaks

Kalshi's failure modes are traditional-fintech failures: ACH processor delays, KYC backlogs during signup surges, identity-verification edge cases, and card-processor issues on debit deposits. The exchange itself is more reliable under load than crypto-rail platforms because it doesn't depend on chain throughput or RPC providers.

The one Kalshi-specific stress point is state-level pushback on sports contracts. Several state gaming regulators issued cease-and-desists in 2025; Kalshi has continued operating and defending its CFTC preemption in court, but availability of specific sports contracts can flicker as those cases develop.

Common pitfalls

Don't skip the KYC step at signup. Kalshi requires standard identity verification (name, address, SSN) and any mismatch delays account activation. Have a US bank account ready — international accounts are not currently supported.

Don't assume position limits are cosmetic. Kalshi's regulatory framework caps positions per market; on high-conviction trades, that cap can limit your upside. Read the contract's position limit before scaling in.

When to use Kalshi

Use Kalshi as your primary prediction-market platform if you are a US resident. It gives you legal cover, tax reporting, USD custody, and access to all major contract categories. Use it as a complement to Polymarket if you are international — Kalshi provides a cleaner-resolution US-macro contract that arbitrages well against Polymarket's crypto-rail equivalent.

Frequently asked

Is Kalshi insured?
Funds sit in segregated US banks. Cash in those accounts has standard FDIC coverage up to per-bank limits. Positions themselves are not FDIC-covered — they're event contracts, not deposits. In the event of Kalshi failure, segregation and CFTC oversight are the primary user protection.
Can I day-trade on Kalshi?
Yes. Kalshi has no day-trading restrictions, and its per-contract fee model means small profitable trades can add up. Liquidity outside flagship contracts may not support fast turnover, so day-trading works best on top macro and election contracts.
How does Kalshi make money?
Kalshi charges a variable fee on profitable closes — typically 1% to 7% of profit depending on the contract. Losing trades incur no additional fee. There are no deposit or withdrawal fees on ACH. Compared to a sportsbook, the total fee load is modest.
What contracts does Kalshi list?
Economics (CPI, PPI, jobless claims, Fed decisions), elections, sports, weather, entertainment, and some novelty markets — all subject to CFTC filing. The list expands over time as new contracts get certified. Not every category Polymarket lists is available on Kalshi.
Can international users trade on Kalshi?
Currently Kalshi is US-only — signup requires a US SSN and bank account. International users looking for a similar experience should look at Polymarket (crypto-rail, no US access) or licensed regional exchanges.
Does Kalshi issue tax forms?
Yes. Kalshi issues 1099-B forms for tax reporting. Gains are typically treated as short-term capital gains (since most contracts resolve within a year). Speak with a tax professional about specifics — event-contract treatment can differ from standard equities.
What is a DCO?
Derivatives Clearing Organization. Kalshi operates its own DCO, which handles trade clearing, margin, and settlement internally rather than relying on an external clearing house. This lets Kalshi tightly integrate its stack, but concentrates operational risk in one entity.
How does Kalshi handle disputes?
Contract resolution is performed against a pre-specified data source and rarely disputed. If a user believes a contract was resolved incorrectly, the process is: contact Kalshi support, escalate through internal review, and if still unresolved, appeal to the CFTC. There's an actual regulator to appeal to, unlike unregulated venues.

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